Breakfast skipping occurs
regularly among workers in Malaysia. The reasons could be busy and have no time
to prepare breakfast. There are many definitions for ‘breakfast skipping’. It
includes; 1) skip breakfast at least one time per week 2) skip breakfast at
least six times per week 3) rarely or never eat breakfast, or eat breakfast
less or 2 days per week 4) usually skip breakfast, or never or almost never
eat breakfast 5) no breakfast on the day of the survey, dietary recall or food
record 6) not eating a morning meal at home.
The habit of breakfast
skipping can give negative effects to our health such as elevated blood
pressure, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Besides,
breakfast skipping can elevate the hormone known as cortisol which can increase
the risk of metabolic dysfunction. The long term of increasing of cortisol, the
body may suffer with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, abdominal obesity and
hypertension. But, previous study had shown the lowering of LDL in people with breakfast skipping.
The breakfast skipping may
cause decreased energy intake and lead undernutrition. The proposed energy for
each breakfast meal is 15% - 25% of total daily energy. The miss of this energy
without replacement everyday is causing energy insufficiency for the day. However,
contradiction may happen if people take more energy to replace the breakfast
energy. Breakfast skipping cause people to feel more hunger and people tend to
eat more during lunch.
In a previous cohort study,
it involved 26 902 American men, 45-82 years old and follow-up had been done
for 16 years. It showed 1527 men had been diagnosed with coronary heart
disease. In that study, it reported than men with breakfast skipping were
associated with 27% higher risk for developing cardiovascular disease compared
to men who did not skip breakfast.
Breakfast is an important
starter for the day especially school children for their growth. Thus, parents
have to be positive role models to show the importance of breakfast. Make a
simple energetic breakfast for family during workdays or busy day. During
weekends, try more enjoying breakfast with family at home.
References:
L.E. Cahill, et al.,
Prospective study of breakfast eating and incident coronary heart disease in a
cohort of male US health professionals, Circulation 128 (4) (2013) 337–343.
O’Neil, C. E., Byrd-Bredbenner, C., Hayes, D., Jana,
L., Klinger, S. E., & Stephenson-Martin, S. (2014). The role of breakfast
in health: definition and criteria for a quality breakfast. Journal of the
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 114(12 Suppl), S8–S26.
doi:10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.022
Witbracht,
M., Keim, N. L., Forester, S., Widaman, A., & Laugero, K. (2014). Female
breakfast skippers display a disrupted cortisol rhythm and elevated blood
pressure. Physiology & Behavior, 140C, 215–221.
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.044
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